See -rede in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-red"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ret"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-rid"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-rit"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-red"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rend"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rent"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rente"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-rǣden",
"-ræden#Old_English"
],
[
"rǣden",
"ræden#Old_English"
],
[
"red",
"red#Middle_English:_counsel"
],
[
"-reden",
"-reden#Middle_English"
],
[
"cunreadnes",
"cunreadnes#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ene",
"-ene#Middle_English:_inflected_infinitive"
],
[
"-enne",
"-enne#Old_English"
],
[
"-reden",
"-reden#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-rǣden"
},
"expansion": "Old English -rǣden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-enne"
},
"expansion": "Old English -enne",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm-nor",
"2": "-reden"
},
"expansion": "Northern Middle English -reden",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -rǣden, from rǣden (“condition, control, calculation”); compare red (“counsel”).\nThe shortening of Old English /æː/ or its reflex /ɛː/ seen in forms with /a/, /ɛ/ is either due to reduced stress or the following /dn/ arising from syncope in inflected forms of the variant -reden (e.g. cunreadnes in the AB language); the occasional spelling with ⟨dd⟩ is a backspelling reflecting the reduction of geminates in unstressed position (as seen in -ene for Old English -enne). On the other hand, Early Scots -rend, -rent represents an metathesis of Northern Middle English -reden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-red",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-redd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-redde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-reede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rid",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ræden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-readden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-redden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-rade",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-raden",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-radon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-reden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-redyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-redyne",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-rydyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-rend",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rent",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rente",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-rede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting a condition or state; -ness, -hood."
],
"id": "en--rede-enm-suffix-WotS8-D9",
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
],
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting a group or collective; -dom, -ery."
],
"id": "en--rede-enm-suffix-tUcHv6TM",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"collective",
"collective#English"
],
[
"-dom",
"-dom#English"
],
[
"-ery",
"-ery#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-rɛːd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛdən/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛnd/",
"note": "Early Scots"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛnt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rad(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-radən(ə)/",
"note": "especially Southern or West Midland"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"AB language"
],
"word": "-rede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English noun-forming suffixes",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-red"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ret"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-rid"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-red"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-rit"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-red"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rend"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rent"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "-rente"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-rǣden",
"-ræden#Old_English"
],
[
"rǣden",
"ræden#Old_English"
],
[
"red",
"red#Middle_English:_counsel"
],
[
"-reden",
"-reden#Middle_English"
],
[
"cunreadnes",
"cunreadnes#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ene",
"-ene#Middle_English:_inflected_infinitive"
],
[
"-enne",
"-enne#Old_English"
],
[
"-reden",
"-reden#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-rǣden"
},
"expansion": "Old English -rǣden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-enne"
},
"expansion": "Old English -enne",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm-nor",
"2": "-reden"
},
"expansion": "Northern Middle English -reden",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -rǣden, from rǣden (“condition, control, calculation”); compare red (“counsel”).\nThe shortening of Old English /æː/ or its reflex /ɛː/ seen in forms with /a/, /ɛ/ is either due to reduced stress or the following /dn/ arising from syncope in inflected forms of the variant -reden (e.g. cunreadnes in the AB language); the occasional spelling with ⟨dd⟩ is a backspelling reflecting the reduction of geminates in unstressed position (as seen in -ene for Old English -enne). On the other hand, Early Scots -rend, -rent represents an metathesis of Northern Middle English -reden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-red",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-redd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-redde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-reede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rid",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ræden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-readden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-redden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "-rade",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-raden",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-radon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-reden",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-redyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-redyne",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-rydyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"form": "-rend",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rent",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-rente",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-rede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting a condition or state; -ness, -hood."
],
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
],
[
"-hood",
"-hood#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns denoting a group or collective; -dom, -ery."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"collective",
"collective#English"
],
[
"-dom",
"-dom#English"
],
[
"-ery",
"-ery#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-rɛːd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛdən/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"especially"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛnd/",
"note": "Early Scots"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rɛnt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-rad(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-radən(ə)/",
"note": "especially Southern or West Midland"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"AB language"
],
"word": "-rede"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -rede meaning in Middle English (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.